Initial Report on the Development and Application of a Drug for Controlling Tea Scale Insects
1. Agricultural Service Center of Lizhi Street, Fuling District, Chongqing 408000, China
2. Agricultural Product Quality and Safety Centert, Fuling District, Chongqing 408000, China
3. Agricultural Technology Promotion Station, Fuling District, Chongqing 408000, China
| Abstract: | Inspired by farmers' practice of boiling tobacco stems and rosin together to create a biopesticide for controlling pests and diseases, the author has developed a drug specifically for controlling tea scale insects. This drug was invented after more than a decade of experimental research, addressing the urgent need for effective treatment against the widespread and severe infestation of scale insects in tea and fruit crops. The drug is made by mixing 2.5Kg-3.0Kg of tobacco stems and leaves with 0.1-0.3Kg of pine resin (commonly known as rosin) in 86-90Kg of a 32% sodium hydroxide solution. After boiling for 1-2 hours, the mixture is filtered, and the filtrate is centrifuged and separated into upper and lower layers. Phosphoric acid is then added to both layers to adjust the pH of the upper layer to 7, and soap is added for emulsification to obtain solution A. The pH of the lower layer is adjusted to 11, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate is added for activation to obtain solution B. When used, equal volumes of solutions A and B are mixed to create an emulsion oil with a concentration of 25%. Because the main ingredients are phosphoric acid (Pinyin initial L) and rosin (Pinyin initial S), it is named 25% LS emulsion oil. When applying, solutions A and B are mixed with water in a volume ratio of 1:1:80-120. The mixture is prepared and used immediately, and applied to the target area through atomization. Field trials comparing this invention with the commonly used pesticide Youlede for controlling scale insects have shown that spraying 25% LS emulsion oil can achieve a control effect of 90.5-98% against scale insects before they reach the third instar stage, significantly higher than other pesticides and the control effect of the control group. Acute toxicity tests on rats and mice conducted by the Sichuan Institute for Drug Control and the former West China University of Medical Sciences, as well as tests on the irritation of rabbit skin and eyes, have demonstrated that this invention is a low-toxicity pesticide. Furthermore, the pesticide residue and heavy metal content in tea leaves after application are both in compliance with the National "Tea Hygiene Standards" GB9679-88 of the People's Republic of China, indicating that it is a low-residue pesticide. The application of this drug can save direct economic losses of 600-1000 yuan per mu of tea garden (or orchard). The invention has been filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China and has obtained a national invention patent (authorization number: ZL200610054191.5). |
| Keywords: | Scale Insect; Drug; Development; Initial Report |
| DOI: | 10.57237/j.jaf.2024.02.003 |
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Received: 28 April 2024
Accepted: 23 May 2024
Published Online: 27 May 2024
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