The Endurance of Solar Cargo Ships and Its Economic and Environmental Benefits
1. School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
2. Shandong Institute of Environmental Protection Scientific Research and Design Company, Jinan 250013, China
3. School of Transportation Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China
| Abstract: | At present, most cargo ships still use fossil fuels, causing noise pollution, environmental pollution and carbon emission problems. The gradual emergence of cargo ships powered by electricity and solar energy is one of the ways to solve the problem of pollution and carbon emissions. Very little research has been done on the endurance of solar-powered cargo ships and their economic and environmental benefits. This paper takes a thousand-ton cargo ship as an example to study the longest endurance that can be achieved with existing technology when it is driven by pure solar energy. On the one hand, this study helps to evaluate the feasibility of using pure solar energy to drive cargo ships; on the other hand, it points out the direction for the technological breakthroughs needed in the next step. This paper proposes a calculation formula for the sailing time of a cargo ship driven by pure solar energy, and calculates the sailing time of a cargo ship driven by pure solar energy to be about 4.57 h/day based on the existing average solar energy resources and the latest solar photovoltaic technology. Since pure solar energy cannot guarantee the 24-hour battery life, the dual energy guarantee system of "solar power supply + shore-based charging pile" is further proposed, which is currently a more feasible power scheme for cargo ships. One of the key technological breakthroughs needed to popularize pure solar cargo ships is the further improvement of solar photoelectric conversion efficiency. According to the calculation based on the average element composition of fossil fuels and the chemical reaction equation, it is found that the adoption of this system can bring significant economic and environmental benefits to the cargo ship and shipping industry: an average of 1,000-ton cargo ship can save fuel costs of 26.87 million yuan per year; Reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 10,200 tons/year, sulfur dioxide emissions by 63.75 tons/year, and nitrogen dioxide emissions by 95.62 tons/year. Compared with pure electric cargo ships, using solar power can further save electricity costs of 139,800 yuan/year, reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 327 tons/year, sulfur dioxide by 20 tons/year, and nitrogen dioxide by 10 tons/year. According to the calculation results, the development of solar cargo ships is conducive to economic development and environmental protection, and promotes the development of green water transportation, which is worth promoting. |
| Keywords: | Green Water Transportation; Endurance; Solar Cargo Ship; Economic and Environmental Benefits |
| DOI: | 10.57237/j.jest.2022.01.004 |
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Received: 26 October 2022
Accepted: 1 December 2022
Published Online: 5 January 2023
Funding
| 1. | 南浔协同创新中心重点研究项目 (SYS01001) |
| 2. | 山东省自然科学基金项目 (ZR2022QB021). |
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