Research on China's Rare Earth High-End Material Exports and Countermeasures Against Technical Trade Barriers
School of Economics, Wuhan Business University, Wuhan 430056, China
| Abstract: | This paper focuses on the increasingly severe challenge of technical barriers to trade (TBT) facing China's exports of high-end rare earth materials. Against the backdrop of the restructuring of the global industrial chain and the accelerated formation of green trade rules, it systematically analyzes the evolution of the global rare earth industry landscape, the strategic layout of major developed countries, and China's countermeasures. The study points out that China, with 40% of global reserves and 69% of global output, dominates the global rare earth market and possesses the most complete industrial chain covering mining, beneficiation, smelting, and processing. However, it still has shortcomings in high-end applications, pricing power, and the formulation of international rules. The United States, Japan, and the European Union impose diversified technical barriers—such as mandatory certification, environmental standards, supply chain reviews, and carbon tariffs—to restrict China's rare earth exports. In response, this paper constructs a “government-industry-enterprise” three-in-one response system: Government: Strengthens the regulation of mineral resources and the formulation of international standardsIndustry: Promotes integrated layout and green and intelligent transformation. Enterprises: Deepen overseas cooperation and technological upgrading. These efforts aim to jointly enhance the resilience of the industrial chain and international discourse power. The research provides systematic policy recommendations for safeguarding national resource security, enhancing industrial chain resilience, and achieving the leap from a major rare earth country to a strong rare earth power. |
| Keywords: | Rare Earth Industry; Technical Trade Barriers; Export Strategy |
| DOI: | 10.57237/j.res.2026.02.001 |
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Received: 12 April 2026
Accepted: 7 May 2026
Published Online: 13 May 2026
Funding
| 1. | 武汉商学院大学生创新创业训练计划项目 (项目编号: 202511654133) |
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