基于库普尔“八问方案”的中国语保工程研究
1. 浙江大学, 文学院, 浙江杭州 310058
2. 浙江大学, 外国语学院, 浙江杭州 310058
| 摘 要： | Cooper八问方案是语言政策与语言规划领域的经典理论。本文借助这一框架回顾了中国语言资源保护工程至今的实施情况，认为其在语言保存方面取得了突出成效，而活态保护及文化传承工作仍待进一步展开。为深入推进语保工作，应首先明确以下两点：①语言是一种生态系统，不能孤立、静止地看待其中各元素，需要发挥“人”的核心调节功能；②“科学保护汉语方言及少数民族语言”与“推广国家通用语言文字”可以齐头并进，关键在于科学划分不同语言、方言的功能区域，将私人语言环境作为“母语栖息地”。当下，经济社会的快速发展削弱了非通用语的交际功能，并在一定程度上影响了地方用语及其所代表的文化的声望。有鉴于此，应该平衡地区经济发展、开发地方特色文化，以提升当地民众对本土文化的自信心和使命感。唯有政府、专家和广大群众共同参与语言保护，才能建立和谐稳定的语言生态系统，实现对语言资源的有生开发和利用。 |
| 关 键 词： | “八问方案”; 中国语言资源保护工程; 语言生态系统; 功能域; 文化自信 |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.cll.2022.02.001 |
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收稿日期: 2022-11-28
接受日期: 2022-12-29
在线出版日期: 2023-01-05
An Analysis of the Project of Protecting Chinese Language Resources Using Cooper’s Accounting Scheme
1. School of Literature, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
2. School of International Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| Abstract: | This paper utilized Cooper’s accounting scheme to analyze the policy of “the Project of Protecting Chinese Language Resources” or Yubao (中国语言资源保护工程 or 语保) to date. We suggest that the project has achieved outstanding effect on preserving Chinese regional varieties, while further work on living language protection and cultural inheritance is still in progress. In order to further implement the language protection project, we contend that: (1) humans are at the core of the linguistic ecosystem, and each element is not isolated or static; (2) “the Scientific Protection of the Language and Characters of All Nationalities” can synchronize with “the Promotion of the National Common Language”. The key lies in scientifically devising the functional division of different languages and dialects. In the recent decades, rapid economic and social development has weakened the communicative function of local dialects and, to some extent, affected the prestige and the cultures they represent. It is advocated that public confidence in local culture should be boosted through balancing regional economy and developing distinctive cultures, so that citizens can spontaneously become a living force in the inheritance of their mother tongue and culture. |
| Keywords: | Cooper’s Accounting Scheme; The Project of Protecting Chinese Language Resources; Linguistic Ecosystem; Functional Domain; Cultural Confidence |
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