甲壳素新材料的制备
盐城工学院, 材料科学与工程学院, 江苏盐城 224001
| 摘 要： | 甲壳素作为世界上极其丰富的多糖之一，同时也是一种有着精良的生物相容性、生物可降解性、绿色无毒无害等特性的材料，因此使用甲壳素制成的新材料被广泛应用于食品产业、生物医学、卫生安全等领域。甲壳素新材料的发展在一定程度上抑制了传统石油基材料的使用，改善了生态环境，但受限于传统提取方法的缺陷，甲壳素产业化规模和商业化发展仍处于瓶颈阶段。这是由于制备甲壳素新材料一般需要将其溶解提取，而甲壳素拥有较高的分子量，分子间存在大量的强氢键使得它的结晶度高。同时甲壳素结构也因其分子间排布规整而比较特殊，所以甲壳素难以熔融和不溶解于水、碱性溶剂以及绝大多数有机溶剂。因此为了避免因甲壳素提取带来的加工问题本文介绍了直接提取甲壳素和溶解提取甲壳素来制备新材料，并对甲壳素发展前景提出了展望。 |
| 关 键 词： | 甲壳素; 新材料; 制备 |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.cse.2022.01.004 |
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收稿日期: 2022-11-03
接受日期: 2022-12-01
在线出版日期: 2022-12-15
Preparation of New Materials for Chitin
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224001, China
| Abstract: | As one of the extremely rich polysaccharides in the world, chitin is also a material with excellent biocompatibility, biodegradable, green, non-toxic and harmless properties, so the new materials made of chitin are widely used in the food industry, biomedicine, health and safety and other fields. The development of new chitin materials has inhibited the use of traditional petroleum-based materials to some extent and improved the ecological environment. However, due to the defects of traditional extraction methods, the industrialization scale and commercialization of chitin are still in a bottleneck stage. This is due to the preparation of chitin new materials generally need to dissolve and extract it, and chitin has a high molecular weight, the existence of a large number of strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds makes it crystallinity high. At the same time, the structure of chitin is also relatively special due to its regular intermolecular arrangement, so chitin is difficult to melt and does not dissolve in water, alkaline solvents and most organic solvents.Therefore, in order to avoid the processing problems caused by chitin extraction, direct extraction and dissolved chitin extraction are introduced to prepare new materials, and proposed the development prospect of chitin. |
| Keywords: | Chitin; New Material; Preparation |
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