储层原位稠油水热裂解降粘技术研究进展
1. 西安石油大油气科技有限公司, 陕西西安 710000
2. 西安长庆化工集团有限公司, 陕西西安 710000
3. 西安石油大学, 陕西省油气田环境污染控制技术与储层保护重点实验室, 陕西西安 710000
| 摘 要： | 随着全球人口数量的不断增加，社会经济的不断发展，全球对石油资源的年度需求大幅度增加。根据调查结果显示，稠油资源非常丰富，约占全球石油总储量的70%左右，远大于传统原油，因此，稠油的开采尤为重要。由于常规石油供应有限和石油需求飙升，中国的石油安全将面临前所未有的挑战。水热裂解工艺是全球成功开采稠油的关键且是经济的降粘技术之一。本文简要介绍了中国稠油资源概况、稠油开采的技术手段和储层原位稠油水热裂解技术的发展，并详细介绍了水热裂解催化剂的分类和水热裂解降粘机理的研究。最适合的催化剂均含有强活性位点，这些位点可以破坏稠油中胶质和沥青质的杂原子键，促使饱和烃和芳香烃含量的增加。最后对目前稠油水热裂解技术存在的问题及今后的发展趋势进行了分析。 |
| 关 键 词： | 稠油; 水热裂解; 催化剂; 降粘 |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.cse.2024.01.002 |
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收稿日期: 2023-06-20
接受日期: 2024-01-15
在线出版日期: 2024-03-11
Research Progress on Reservoir In-situ Viscosity Reduction Technology of Heavy Oil Aquathermolysis
1. Xi'an Petroleum Technology Co. Ltd, Xi’an 710000, China
2. Xi’an Changqing Chemical Group Co. Ltd, Xi’an 710000, China
3. Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir Protection Technology of Oilfields, Xi’an Petroleum University, Xi’an 710000, China
| Abstract: | With the continuous increase of the global population and the continuous development of the social economy, the annual global demand for oil resources has increased significantly. According to the survey results, heavy oil resources are very rich, accounting for about 70% of the world's total oil reserves, much larger than traditional crude oil, so the exploitation of heavy oil is particularly important. Due to the limited supply of conventional oil and soaring oil demand, China's oil security will face unprecedented challenges. Aquathermolysis process is one of the key and economical viscosity reduction technologies for successful recovery of heavy oil in the world. This paper briefly introduces the overview of heavy oil resources in China, the technical means of heavy oil exploitation and the development of heavy oil aquathermolysis technology, and introduces in detail the classification of aquathermolysis catalysts and the research on viscosity reduction mechanism of aquathermolysis. The most suitable catalysts contain strong active sites, which can break the heteroatomic bonds of resin and asphaltene in heavy oil and promote the increase of saturated hydrocarbon and aromatic hydrocarbon content. Finally, the problems and future development trends of heavy oil aquathermolysis technology are analyzed. |
| Keywords: | Heavy Oil; Aquathermolysis; Catalysts; Viscosity Reduction |
基金
| 1. | 国家自然科学基金项目“内外源超分子协同催化稠油原位改质新策略” (51974252) |
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