College Students’ Smart Learning Adaptability: Structural Framework and Development Status
Education and Information Technology Center, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China
| Abstract: | With the advent of the digital intelligence era, the smart learning environment has become increasingly prevalent in higher education. Understanding the learning adaptability of college students within this context is crucial for enhancing their academic performance. The purpose of this study is to explore the structure of college students' adaptability to smart learning within the digital intelligence environment and to understand the current development status of their adaptability. The research, grounded in existing literature on learning adaptability and considering the unique characteristics of the digital intelligence environment, constructs a comprehensive framework for college students' smart learning adaptability, covering dimensions such as ability adaptability, psychological adaptability, behavioral adaptability, environmental adaptability and interpersonal adaptability. Based on this framework, a detailed survey questionnaire was developed and administered to 279 college students who had prior experience with smart learning. Data were collected and analyzed using statistical methods to identify patterns and differences in adaptability among various groups. The results indicate that college students generally exhibit a moderate level of adaptability to smart learning in the digital and intelligent environment. There is no significant difference in overall smart learning adaptability between male and female students, suggesting that gender does not play a major role in this context. However, significant variations were observed across different university types and academic disciplines. This highlights the need for tailored educational interventions to address the unique challenges faced by students from different backgrounds. Future research should further explore the underlying factors contributing to these differences and develop targeted strategies to improve the adaptability of all students in the digital intelligence era. |
| Keywords: | Smart Learning; Adaptability; Digital and Intelligent Environment; College Students |
| DOI: | 10.57237/j.edu.2025.02.002 |
View:
Downloads:
收稿日期: 2025-01-06
接受日期: 2025-02-22
在线出版日期: 2025-05-20
基金
| 1. | Project “Theoretical and Practical Research on Promoting Deep Learning of College Students through Peer Interaction Strategies in Online Learning Environments” supported by Talent Cultivation Quality and Teaching Reform Project of China West Normal University (2022-2024: Five Major Initiatives for the Construction of the "Great Ideological and Political Course") [Project No 403927] |
| 2. | Project “Research on Knowledge transfer mechanism and intervention strategy in online collaborative problem solving” supported by Doctoral Research program of China West Normal University [Project No. 22SE020]. |
参考文献
| [1] | Bygstad B, Øvrelid E, Ludvigsen S, et al. From dual digitalization to digital learning space: Exploring the digital transformation of higher education [J]. Computers & Education, 2022, 182: 104463-104473. |
| [2] | Efstratopoulou, M., Opoku, M. P., Davison, C., et al. Voices from Afar: Cross-national study of parental perspectives towards implementation of a smart learning environment in schools in the United Arab Emirates. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 2024, 7, 100387-100394. |
| [3] | Demir, K. A. Smart education framework. Smart Learning Environments, 2021, 8(1), 1-36. |
| [4] | Gambo, Y., & Shakir, M. Z. Review on self-regulated learning in smart learning environment. Smart Learning Environments, 2021, 8, 1–14. |
| [5] | Tzirides, A. O. (Olnancy), Zapata, G., Kastania, N. P., et al. (2024). Combining human and artificial intelligence for enhanced AI literacy in higher education [J]. Computers and Education Open, 2024, 6: 100184. |
| [6] | Dron, J. Smart learning environments, and not so smart learning environments: A systems view [J]. Smart Learning Environments, 2018, 5(1), 1–20. |
| [7] | Pinquart, M., & Silbereisen, R. K. Human development in times of social change: Theoretical considerations and research needs [J]. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2004(28), 289-298. |
| [8] | Tomasik, M. J., & Silbereisen, R. K. Demands of social change as a function of the political context, institutional filters, and psychosocial resources [J]. Social Indicators Research, 2009(94), 13–28. |
| [9] | Tomasik, M. J., Silbereisen, R. K., & Heckhausen, J. Is it adaptive to disengage from demands of social change? Adjustment to developmental barriers in opportunity-deprived regions [J]. Motivation and Emotion, 2020(34), 384-398. |
| [10] | Chernikova, O., Sommerhoff, D., Stadler, M., et, al. Personalization through adaptivity or adaptability? A meta-analysis on simulation-based learning in higher education [J]. Educational Research Review, 2025, 46, 100662-10672. |
| [11] | Stockinger, K., Rinas, R., & Daumiller, M. Student adaptability, emotions, and achievement: Navigating new academic terrains in a global crisis [J]. Learning and Individual Differences, 2021, 90, 102046-102055. |
| [12] | Bayley, S. H. Creating classrooms for change: A qualitative study of practices to promote children’s skills for adaptability in primary schools in Kigali, Rwanda. International Journal of Educational Research, 2024, 124, 102313-102326. |
| [13] | Martin, A. J., Nejad, H. G., Colmar, S., & Liem, G. A. D.. Adaptability: Conceptual and empirical perspectives on responses to change, novelty and uncertainty. Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 2012(22), 58–81. |
| [14] | Martin, A. J. Adaptability-what it is and what it is not. American Psychologist, 2017, 72(7), 696-698. |
| [15] | Martin, A. J., Nejad, H. G., Colmar, S., & Liem, G. A. D. Adaptability: How students’ responses to uncertainty and novelty predict their academic and non-academic outcomes. Journal of Educational Psychology, 2013, 105(3), 728–746. |
| [16] | Martin, A. J., Ginns, P., & Collie, R. J. University students in COVID-19 lock-down: The role of adaptability and fluid reasoning in supporting their academic motivation and engagement. Learning and Instruction, 2023, 83, 101712-10719. |
| [17] | Cynthia Leung. The psychological adaptability of overseas and migrant students in Australia. International Journal of Psychology, 2001, 36 (4), 251–259. |
| [18] | Salinas, D., & Garrido, C. G. Teacher educators’ adaptability process when faced with remote teaching [J]. Teaching and Teacher Education, 2022, 103890-103898. |
| [19] | Dai, Z., Xiong, J., Zhao, L., & Zhu, X. Smart classroom learning environment preferences of higher education teachers and students in China: An ecological perspective. Heliyon, 2023, 9(6), e16769. |
| [20] | Huang R, Yang J, Zheng L. The components and functions of smart learning environments for easy, engaged and effective learning [J]. International Journal for Educational Media and Technology, 2013, (7): 4–14. |
| [21] | Akhrif O, Benfares C, Younès El bouzekri el idrissi, et al. Collaborative Approaches in Smart Learning Environment: A Case Study – Science Direct [J]. Procedia Computer Science, 2020, 175: 710-715. |
| [22] | Caspari-Sadegui S., Learning assessment in the age of big data: learning analytics in higher education [J], Cogent Education. 2023, 10 (1). |
| [23] | Zhou Bu Cheng. Academic Adjustment Test (AAT) (in Chinese). Department of Psychology, East China Normal University, 1991. |
| [24] | XIE Youru, QIU Yi, et al. Research on Remodeling of College Students' Learning Adaptability in the Age of Intelligence: Connotation, Model and Measurement. e-Education Research [J], 2023(03): 13-20. |
| [25] | Feng T Y, Li H. Prime research about study adaptability of undergraduate (in Chinese). Exploration of Psychology, 2002, 22(1): 44-48. |
| [26] | Simon L, Roland R. Test of Reaction and Adaptability in College (TRAC): A New Measure of Learning Propensity for College Students. Journal of Educational Psychology, 1995, 87(2): 293-306. |
| [27] | Yan Jun Yang, Hui Tong. Research on college students' learning adaptability in mixed teaching based on MOOC. Information technology education in China, 2015, (21), 115-118. |
| [28] | Li Feng Niu. The Investigation and research of College students' learning adaptability. Journal of Teachers College Qingdao University, 2011, 28(02): 65-72. |
| [29] | Martin, A. J., Nejad, H., Colmar, S., Liem, G. A. D., & Collie, R. J.. The role of adaptability in promoting control and reducing failure dynamics: A mediation model. Learning and Individual Differences, 2015(38), 36–43. |
| [30] | Kenney-Benson, G., Pomerantz, E. M., Ryan, A. M., & Patrick, H. Sex differences in math performance: The role of children’s approach to schoolwork. Developmental Psychology, 2006, 42(1), 11–26. |
| [31] | Martin, A. J. Examining a multidimensional model of student motivation and engagement using a construct validation approach. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 2011(77), 413–440. |
| [32] | Rebecca J. Collie, Andrew J. Holliman & Andrew J. Martin. Adaptability, engagement and academic achievement at university, Educational Psychology, 2017, 37(5), 632-647. |
| [33] | Ewing, J. & Miller, D. A framework for evaluating computer supported collaborative learning. Educational Technology & Society, 2002, 5(1), 112-118. |
| [34] | Akkoyunlu, B., & Soylu, M. Y. A Study of Student’s Perceptions in a Blended Learning Environment Based on Different Learning Styles. Educational Technology & Society, 2008, 11 (1), 183-193. |
