T. S.艾略特的诗学体系长期呈现为“非个人化”“客体关联物”“有机整体观”等分散命题,鲜有研究揭示其内在的逻辑关联。本文基于艾略特早期哲学论文《认知与经验:F. H.布莱德利的哲学研究》中提出的认知层级理论,将其诗学创作过程重构为“直觉经验—智性经验—超觉经验”的三阶递进模型。研究发现:首先,艾略特将“直觉经验”进行“非个人化”的智性处理,通过象征主义手法转化为文本中的“客体关联物”;其次,这一过程生成具有普遍性的“智性经验”,其中涉及智性与情感的统一问题;最终,诗歌回归于直觉并形成超越性升华。这表明,艾略特所谓的“非个人化”并非对诗人主体性的否定,而是一种更高层次的转化机制——诗人如同催化剂,在隐匿自身的同时促成情感与形式的化合反应。本文旨在为艾略特诗学理论提供一种更具内在统一性的解释框架。
School of Chinese Language and Literature, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650504, China
Abstract:
T. S. Eliot’s poetic theory has long been presented as a set of discrete propositions—“impersonality” “objective correlative” and “organic wholeness”—with few studies revealing their internal logical connections. Drawing on the theory of cognitive levels proposed in Eliot’s early philosophical dissertation Knowledge and Experience in the Philosophy of F. H. Bradley, this paper reconstructs his poetic creative process into a three-stage progressive model: “intuitive experience—intellectual experience—transcendental experience.”The study finds that, first, Eliot subjects“intuitive experience”to an impersonal intellectual treatment, transforming it into“objective correlatives”in the text through symbolist techniques. Second, this process generates a universal“intellectual experience,”which involves the integration of intellect and emotion. Finally, the poetry returns to intuition and achieves a transcendental sublimation. This model demonstrates that Eliot’s concept of “impersonality” does not negate the poet’s subjectivity but rather represents a higher-order mechanism of transformation—the poet, acting as a catalyst, facilitates a chemical reaction between emotion and form while remaining concealed. This paper aims to provide a more internally coherent interpretive framework for Eliot’s poetic theory.
Keywords:
T. S. Eliot; Poetic Theory; Impersonality; Objective Correlative; Symbolism