不断变革中林火生态学外延与内涵
中国科学技术大, 学火灾科学国家重点实验室, 安徽合肥 230027
| 摘 要： | 林火生态学是研究森林火灾的生态后果及相互关系的学科。随着气候变化加剧和森林火灾形势恶化，目前林火生态学已成为生态学非常活跃的分支。本文回顾林火生态学发展历史，从火历史、火因子以及火制度对生态系统作用机制等方面阐述林火生态学的外延和内涵。许多生态学家针对林火对生态环境的影响以及生态系统对林火的适应性等进行大量研究，林火生态学发展历程可分为三个时期：研究初期认识到林火的破坏性，焦点集中于林火控制；拓展研究阶段着力于林火在火灾管理中的有效运用以及标志林火生态学分支体系确立的第三阶段。用先进技术手段和数学模化，林火生态学可以对火干扰后的森林群落进行长期的动态监测和评估。计划烧除已发展成林火管理的有效手段，而生态防火则是未来林火管理的必由之路。 |
| 关 键 词： | 林火生态学; 发展历史; 研究架构; 火制度; 生态防火; 森林生态管理 |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.jaf.2022.01.002 |
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收稿日期: 2022-09-28
接受日期: 2022-10-27
在线出版日期: 2022-12-15
The Extension and Connotation of Forest Fire Ecology Under Constant Innovation
State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| Abstract: | Forest fire ecology is a discipline to study the ecological consequences of forest fires and the interrelationships among them. With the intensification of climate change and the deterioration of forest fire status, forest fire ecology has become a very active branch of ecology. In this paper we reviewed the development history of forest fire ecology and expounded the extension and connotation of forest fire ecology, fire factors and regimes as well as their interaction with the ecological systems. Previous ecologists have conducted a lot of research on the impact of forest fire on the ecological environment and the adaptability of ecosystems to forest fire. The development of forest fire ecology can be divided into three periods: in the initial period the destruction of forest fire was recognized with the study objective being focused on forest fire control; in the expansion period, efforts were made to the application of forest fire in the fire management and the third period was symbolized as the founding of the entire discipline. With the application of the advanced technology and mathematical models, forest fire ecology provides successful examples in carrying out long-term prediction on the forest community dynamics after fire intrusion. Planned burning have been developed as effective means of forest fire management, whereas ecological fire mitigation is considered as a new concept in forest fire management. |
| Keywords: | Forest Fire Ecology; Innovation History; Research Framework; Fire Regime; Ecological Fire Prevention; Forest Ecological Management |
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