超大宽膜条件下不同打顶时间对塔河2号生长发育及产量的影响
1. 新疆生产建设兵团第一师八团, 农业发展服务中心, 新疆阿拉尔 843017
2. 新疆农垦科学院, 棉花所, 新疆石河子 832003
| 摘 要： | 打顶是棉花生产中的一项关键技术措施，直接影响其产量和品质。以兵团第一师八团棉花主栽品种塔河2号为研究对象，设置3个打顶时间处理（T1、T2、T3）和1个CK处理，开展不同打顶时间对棉花塔河2号生长发育与产量的影响分析，确定该区域合适的打顶技术。结果表明，随着打顶时间的推迟，塔河2号棉株果枝台数增加0.97个，株高和果枝始节高增加5.82cm、2.16cm，果枝平均长度和倒三节平均度逐渐减小3.88cm、6.37cm，节间长度先增加再减小；下部结铃数最多，平均占比44.0%，中上部接近，分别占32.9%、23.1%；内围铃结铃数均最多，占比在81.33-88.61%；外围铃结铃数均较少，占比在11.39-18.67%；产量总体呈现先增加再减小的变化趋势，T2处理产量最高，达到6849.15 kg/hm2，产量出现顶点在7月1日左右。因此适时早打顶，可有效改善棉花株型、控制顶端优势、促进生殖生长和养分合理分配，以提高结铃率，增加铃重，从而达到早熟、高产、稳产。 |
| 关 键 词： | 打顶时间; 塔河2号; 生长发育; 产量 |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.jaf.2024.02.001 |
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收稿日期: 2024-04-02
接受日期: 2024-04-18
在线出版日期: 2024-04-24
Effects of Growth and Yield of Tahe-2 on Different Topping Time Under Ultra-Large and Wide Membrane Conditions
1. Agricultural Development Service Center, the 8th Regiment of the 1st Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Alar 843017, China
2. Cotton Institute, Xinjiang Academy Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi 832003, China
| Abstract: | Topping is a key technical measure in cotton production, which directly affects yield and quality of cotton. Taking the cotton variety Tahe-2, the main cotton variety of the eighth Regiment of the First Division of the Corps, as the research object, three topping time treatments (T1, T2, T3) and one CK treatment were set to analyze the influence of the growth and yield of cotton Tahe-2 on different topping time, so as to determine the appropriate topping time and technology in this region. The results showed that with the delay of topping time, the number of fruit branches increased by 0.97, the height of plant and the height of fruit branches increased in 5.82cm, 2.16cm, respectively; the average length of fruit branches and the average degree of three nodes decreased in 3.88cm, 6.37cm, respectively; and the length of internode first increased and then decreased. The number of bolls in the lower part was the largest, accounting for 44.0%, while that in the middle and upper part was close, accounting for 32.9%, 23.1%, respectively. The number of inner ring bolls was the largest, accounting for 81.33-88.61%. The number of peripheral ring bolls wasrelatively small, accounting for 11.39-18.67%. The overall production showed a trend of first increase and then decrease, and the production of T2 treatment was the highest, reaching 6849.15 kg/hm2, and the yield Tahe 2 peaked around July 1. Therefore, timely and early topping can effectively improve cotton plant type, control apex dominance, promote reproductive growth and rational nutrient distribution, increase boll setting rate and boll weight, so as to achieve early maturity, high yield and stable yield. |
| Keywords: | Topping Time; Tahe 2; Growth and Development; Yield |
基金
| 1. | 新疆维吾尔自治区天山英才-青年科技拔尖人才项目, 国家科技创新-重大项目 (2023ZD04040-5-2) |
| 2. | 国家重点研发计划 (2020YFD1001002-2) |
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