姜科植物草果药两种类型有性繁殖特性
西南林业大学, 林学院, 云南昆明 650224
| 摘 要： | 草果药（Hedychiumspicatum）是高海拔地区姜科（Zingiberaceae）姜花属（Hedychium）植物，极具观赏价值和药用价值。与其他姜花属植物不同，草果药的雄蕊花药具有两种截然不同的类型。分析草果药的有性繁殖规律，有助于推进草果药及姜花属植物育种进程。本研究以草果药雄蕊花药两种类型（A，B）为试验材料，分别测定其花粉活力、柱头可授性、不同授粉方式结实及萌发情况。结果表明，草果药两种类型的花粉活力均在开花第1d最高，分别为78.85%和69.41%，随后急剧下降，柱头在整个开花期间均具可授性，开花第2d其可授性最强；种内不同类型间及同类型内异花授粉处理的结果率、饱满率和萌发率较高。草果药两种类型的雄蕊与雌蕊适合度的重叠期较短，种内杂交具有异交倾向，有性繁殖一定程度上需要传粉者的辅助。 |
| 关 键 词： | 草果药; 花粉活力; 授粉方式; 繁殖特性 |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.jaf.2024.04.002 |
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收稿日期: 2024-09-04
接受日期: 2024-10-09
在线出版日期: 2024-12-05
Sexual Reproduction Characteristics of Hedychium spicatum (Zingiberaceae)
College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| Abstract: | The species Hedychium spicatum (Zingiberaceae) is Hedychium plant from high-altitude areas, with great ornamental and medicinal value. The species H. spicatum has two completely different types based on the stamens and anthers, which is very distinguished with other plants in the genus Hedychium. By analyzing its sexual reproduction pattern, it is helpful for advancing the breeding process of Hedychium and Zingiberaceae. In this paper, two types of H. spicatum (A and B) were used as the mother plants to study the pollen viability, stigma pollinability, fruiting, and germination by different pollination methods. The results showed that the pollen viability of the two types of H. spicatum was highest at the 1st day of flowering, 78.85% and 69.41% respectively, and then decreased sharply; the stigmas were all fertile during whole anthesis, with the strongest fertility at the 2nd day of anthesis. The fruiting, saturation, and germination rates were higher when cross-pollination treatment for intraspecific crosses between different two types and within type. The overlap period of fitness of stamens and pistils was relatively short for two types of H. spicatum. Intraspecific hybrids have a tendency to heterosis, and its reproduction requires the assistance of pollinators to some extent. |
| Keywords: | Hedychium spicatum; Pollen Vitality; Pollination Methods; Reproduction Characteristics |
基金
| 1. | 姜花属植物种质资源创新与利用 (110824061) |
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