页岩储层多粒径支撑剂运移规律及导流能力研究
中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083
| 摘 要： | 针对页岩储层体积压裂过程中难以实现缝网系统高效支撑的问题，分析支撑剂在裂缝中的运移沉降机理，应用真三维模拟软件研究支撑剂在不同粒径、不同组合条件下的运移规律，模拟计算支撑剂浓度分布及裂缝导流能力，以此为基础判断不同裂缝形态下不同粒径支撑剂的适用性，优化支撑剂粒径组合，最大程度实现缝网系统全支撑，提高缝网系统导流能力，实现页岩储层高效压裂改造。研究表明：压裂裂缝宽度极小，平均缝宽小于1mm时，中/大粒径支撑剂难以进入裂缝网络，无法实现裂缝有效支撑，建议采用小/微粒径支撑剂；平均缝宽大于1mm，大粒径支撑剂可有效进入裂缝中的条件下，大粒径+中粒径支撑剂组合颗粒沉降速度快，且砂堤孔隙度大，可达到较大的平衡高度，增大裂缝的有效支撑宽度，更有利于缝网导流能力的提高；裂缝导流能力既与支撑剂铺置浓度有关，又取决于缝内支撑剂的铺置结构，裂缝在实现有效支撑后，进一步增大支撑剂浓度会堵塞裂缝系统，降低导流能力，因此在泵入大/中粒径支撑剂后，不适合再泵入小粒径支撑剂，以免对支撑裂缝造成不必要的堵塞，小粒径支撑剂适合在泵注前期使用。 |
| 关 键 词： | 页岩储层; 支撑剂; 运移规律; 导流能力 |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.jest.2023.01.003 |
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收稿日期: 2022-11-24
接受日期: 2023-02-25
在线出版日期: 2023-03-02
A Study on the Migration Rule and Flow Conductivity of Multi-particle Size Proppant in Shale Reservoir
Gas Reservoirs Production of Sinopec Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, Beijing 100083, China
| Abstract: | To solve the problem that it is difficult to realize efficient prop of fracture network system in the volume fracturing process of shale reservoir, the migration and settlement mechanism of proppant in fractures is analyzed, the migration law of proppant under different particle size and different combination conditions is studied by using true three-dimensional simulation software, and the distribution of proppant concentration and fracture conductivity are simulated. On this basis, the applicability of proppant with different particle sizes under different fracture morphology is judged, and the combination of proppant particle sizes is optimized to maximize the full prop of the fracture network system, improve the conductivity of the fracture network system, and realize efficient fracturing stimulation of shale reservoirs. The research shows that when the fracture width is very small and the average fracture width is less than 1mm, it is difficult for medium/large size proppant to enter the fracture network and achieve effective fracturing prop. Therefore, it is recommended to use small/micro size proppant. Under the condition that the average fracture width is greater than 1mm and the proppant with large particle size can effectively enter the fracture, the combination of large size + medium size proppant particles settle quickly, and the porosity of the sand dike is large, which can reach a larger equilibrium height, increase the effective support width of the fracture, and improve the conductivity of the fracture network. The fracture conductivity is not only related to the proppant placement concentration, but also depends on the proppant placement structure in the fracture. After the fracture is effectively propped, further increasing the proppant concentration will block the fracture system and reduce the conductivity. Therefore, it is not suitable to pump small size proppant after pumping large/medium size proppant, so as to avoid unnecessary plugging to the proppant. Small size proppant is suitable for use in the early pumping phase. |
| Keywords: | Shale Rerservior; Proppant; Migration Rule; Flow Conductivity |
基金
| 1. | 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“基于机器学习的致密页岩油藏CO2压采一体化方法研究” (52204070) |
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