稠油催化耦合反应降粘研究及其发展趋势
1. 中石化新疆新春石油开发有限责任公司, 新疆维吾尔自治区塔城地区 834700
2. 西安石油大学, 陕西省油气田环境污染控制技术与储层保护重点实验室, 陕西西安 710065
| 摘 要： | 针对目前化石能源的日益消耗，储量大、分布广的稠油作为重要的非常规油气资源，其勘探和开发受到越来越多的关注。但由于稠油中重质组分含量高导致其粘度大、流动性低、品质差，使得其开采、运输和加工面临重重技术困难。因此，提高稠油采收率的关键在于降低其粘度，提高其流动性，改善其品质。目前常规开采稠油的为蒸汽吞吐和蒸汽驱以及在此基础上的稠油原位改质降粘，考虑到开采成本研究了稠油水热催化裂解开采技术，然而，这些研究大多仅停留在催化降粘剂的制备及其应用层面，仍缺乏对其具体的降粘机理的深入系统研究。因此，对于在醇-水重整反应提供丰富活性氢的基础上，利用储层原位活性矿物与外源金属配合物超分子作用催化稠油高效水热裂解的裂解机理对于设计高效稠油降粘催化剂的应用具有十分重要的理论价值和现实意义。 |
| 关 键 词： | 稠油降粘; 耦合反应; 重质组分; 采收率 |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.jest.2023.02.002 |
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收稿日期: 2023-02-18
接受日期: 2023-03-17
在线出版日期: 2023-03-28
Research and Development Trend of Viscosity Reduction by Catalytic Coupling Reaction of Crude Oil
1. Sinopec Xinjiang Xinchun Petroleum Development Co., Ltd., Tacheng 834700, China
2. Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir Protection Technology of Oilfields, Xi’an Petroleum University, Xi’an 710065, China
| Abstract: | In view of the increasing consumption of fossil energy, heavy oil with large reserves and wide distribution, as an important unconventional oil and gas resource, has attracted more and more attention in its exploration and development. However, due to the high content of heavy components in heavy oil, its viscosity is high, its fluidity is low, and its quality is poor. Therefore, the key to enhance heavy oil recovery is to reduce its viscosity, improve its fluidity and improve its quality. At present, steam huff and puff, steam flooding and in-situ upgrading and viscosity reduction of heavy oil are the conventional methods for heavy oil recovery. Considering the production cost, the hydrothermal catalytic cracking technology for heavy oil recovery is studied. However, most of these researches only focus on the preparation and application of catalytic viscosity reducer, and there is still a lack of in-depth and systematic research on its specific viscosity reduction mechanism. Therefore, on the basis of abundant active hydrogen provided by alcohol water reforming reaction, it is of great theoretical value and practical significance to design the application of high-efficiency heavy oil viscosity reduction catalyst by using the super molecular interaction of in-situ active minerals and exogenous metal complexes to catalyze the high-efficiency hydrothermal cracking of heavy oil. |
| Keywords: | Viscosity Reduction of Heavy Oil; Coupling Reaction; Heavy Components; Recovery Rate |
基金
| 1. | 国家自然科学基金项目《内外源超分子协同催化稠油原位改质新策略》 (51974252) |
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