植物环状RNA的生物发生及作用机制的研究进展
山东农业大学, 生命科学学院作物生物学国家重点实验室, 山东泰安 271000
| 摘 要： | 环状RNA（circRNA）是一类广泛存在于生物体内的单链闭合的非编码RNA分子，由基因转录产物通过反向剪接形成。CircRNA具有较高的结构稳定性、物种间保守性和组织表达特异性等特点。随着高通量测序等技术的快速发展，目前已经在多种植物中鉴定到了大量的circRNA，成为非编码RNA研究领域的新热点。CircRNA具有充当microRNA海绵、调控基因表达和转录产物加工等功能。越来越多的研究结果显示circRNA在生物的生长发育和对外界环境的响应等方面具有重要的调控作用。但目前对植物中circRNA的生物发生、作用机制及其生物学功能等方面的了解仍处于初级阶段，尤其对其生物发生过程中反向剪接的调控机制了解较少。本文主要围绕植物中circRNA的形成、可变剪接调控以及其在调节植物开花等发育过程和逆境胁迫中的生物学功能及分子机理等方面的研究进展进行了综述，以期为深入探究植物中这类非编码RNA的生物发生和作用机理等方面的研究提供理论参考。 |
| 关 键 词： | 环状RNA; 生物发生; 可变剪接; 开花转换 |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.life.2022.01.005 |
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收稿日期: 2023-02-07
接受日期: 2023-03-17
在线出版日期: 2023-03-28
Advances in Research Progress on the Biogenesis and Mechanism of Circular RNA in Plants
College of Life Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China
| Abstract: | Circular RNA (circRNA) is a class of endogenous non-coding RNA which is widely existed in organisms. It is a closed RNA molecule formed by back splicing. CircRNAs have highly structural stability, sequence conservation and tissue specificity. A large number of circRNAs have been identified for the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing and other technologies in plants, which becomes a new field of non-coding RNA research. CircRNA functions acting as microRNA sponge, in regulating gene expression and splicing of transcripts. More and more research results reveal that circRNAs play an important role in organism development and resistance to the external environment. However, at present, we know very little about the biogenesis, function and molecular mechanism of circRNAs in plants, especially the regulation of back splicing of circRNAs. In this review, we summarize the advances in research progress of plant circRNAs, mainly focusing on the alternative splicing of circRNAs and their functions in flowering transition and stress responses. This review will provide an extended understanding of the regulation of biogenesis and molecular mechanism of circRNAs in plants. |
| Keywords: | CircRNA; Biogenesis; Alternative Splicing; Flowering Transition |
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