一种刮板式花生剥壳机的设计与分析
中国辐射防护研究院, 山西太原 030006
| 摘 要： | 一般花生作为出口产品或深加工产品，都需要进行剥壳加工这道工序，花生在榨取花生油的时候，为了提高出油率，都会对花生去壳。由于当前花生剥壳机都存在性能不稳定，脱壳率与破损率相矛盾，环境适应能力差，通用性和利用率低等问题，所以通过改进花生剥壳机的技术方案，设计了刮板式花生剥壳机的剥壳装置、清选装置、传动装置等关键部位，可知刮板式花生剥壳机具备撞击法、碾搓法、剪切法和挤压法等特点；同时对机架进行了模态分析，通过与理论计算下皮带运行产生的最高振动频率相对比，可知皮带正常运行产生的最高振动频率低于机架模态分析的第一阶固有频率，不会产生剥壳机的共振现象，所以脱壳效率很高，效果好，预计能够满足人们的使用需求。 |
| 关 键 词： | 花生; 剥壳加工; 刮板式; 模态分析 |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.mse.2024.01.004 |
View:
Downloads:
收稿日期: 2023-07-09
接受日期: 2023-09-05
在线出版日期: 2024-03-11
Design and Analysis of a Scraper Type Peanut Sheller
China Institute of Radiation Protection, Taiyuan 030006, China
| Abstract: | Generally, peanuts as export products or deep-processing products need to be shelled. When peanuts are extracted from peanut oil, in order to improve the oil yield, peanuts will be shelled. As the current peanut sheller has problems such as unstable performance, contradictory sheller rate and breakage rate, poor adaptability to the environment, low versatility and low utilization rate, by improving the technical scheme of the peanut sheller, the key parts of the scraper peanut sheller, such as sheller device, cleaning device and transmission device, are designed. It is known that the scraper peanut sheller has the characteristics of impact method, rolling method, shearing method and extrusion method. At the same time, the modal analysis of the frame is carried out. Compared with the highest vibration frequency generated by the belt operation under the theoretical calculation, it can be seen that the highest vibration frequency generated by the normal operation of the belt is lower than the first natural frequency of the frame modal analysis, and the resonance phenomenon of the shucker will not be produced, so the shucking efficiency is high, the effect is good, and it is expected to meet the needs of people. |
| Keywords: | Peanut; Shell Processing; Scraper Plate; Modal Analysis |
参考文献
| [1] | 佟庆坦, 王延耀, 王东伟, 张甜甜, 韩文平, 周家鹏. 花生剥壳机的设计 [J]. 农机化研究, 2017, 39(02): 112-116. |
| [2] | 吴岩, 王剑文, 刘道奇, 刘龙, 常有山, 王思明. 花生剥壳机技术条件及试验方法相关标准修订建议 [J]. 农业工程, 2022, 12(11): 5-9. |
| [3] | 喻杰, 包秀辉. 常用花生剥壳机的分析研究 [J]. 农业科技与装备, 2009, 1(1): 114－118. |
| [4] | 徐绍娟, 汪钦, 王映龙. 人力花生剥壳机的设计 [J]. 安徽农业科学, 2007, 35(36): 12134－12136. |
| [5] | 尚书旗, 刘曙光, 王方艳等. 花生生产机械的应用现状与进展分析 [J]. 花生学报, 2003, 32(S1): 509－517. |
| [6] | 谢焕雄, 彭宝良, 张会娟等. 我国花生脱壳技术与设备概况及发展 [J]. 江苏农业科学, 2010(6): 581－582. |
| [7] | 杨明轩. 挤压式花生剥壳机的技术改造 [J]. 机械, 2017, 44(09): 71-75. |
| [8] | 李建东. 花生脱壳装置的试验研究 [D]. 青岛: 青岛农业大学, 2007: 3-5. |
| [9] | 王军锋. 刮板式花生脱壳机设计 [D]. 农机化研究, 2012, 12: 96-99. |
| [10] | 原重献, 程延林. 花生剥壳机剥壳部件试验研究 [J]. 粮油加工与食品机械, 1991(03): 19-21. |
| [11] | 王京, 高连兴, 刘志侠等. 花生荚果力学特性研究 [J]. 农机化研究, 2017, 39(1): 182－186, 196. |
| [12] | 王移收. 我国花生产品加工业现状、问题及发展趋势 [J]. 中国油料作物学报, 2006, 28(4): 498－502. |
| [13] | 周雪松, 赵谋明. 我国花生食品产业现状与发展趋势 [J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2004, 30(6): 84－89. |
| [14] | 陆荣, 刘志侠, 高连兴等. 美国花生脱壳机研究现状及发展分析 [J]. 华中农业大学学报, 2020, 39(2): 170-180. |
| [15] | 陆荣, 高连兴, 刘志侠等. 中国花生脱壳机技术发展现状与展望 [J]. 沈阳农业大学学报, 2020, 51(5): 631-640. |
| [16] | 中国国家标准化管理委员会. 花生剥壳机作业质量: NY/T 994-2006 [S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2006. |
