喀斯特地区植物对干旱胁迫的生态适应策略研究进展
西南林业大学, 林学院, 云南昆明 650224
| 摘 要： | 喀斯特地区复杂多样的地质结构和极高的岩溶发育程度，导致土壤侵蚀严重、生态环境脆弱，植物常常面临严重的干旱胁迫。本文从植物的根、茎、叶等形态特征，光合特性、代谢和激素调控等生理生态特征分析其对喀斯特干旱环境的适应机制。发现干旱胁迫下该地区植物常表现出根系发达、茎肉质化、叶片厚等形态特征；此外，该地区植物还可通过调节气孔开度、代谢路径和调控激素浓度来维持植物的正常生长。在此提出通过良种选育、优化土壤环境、化学和微生物调控等措施来提高喀斯特地区植物的抗旱性，讨论了当前研究中的问题并提出未来的研究展望，深化对喀斯特地区干旱胁迫下植物生态适应机制的理解，以期为该地区植被生态恢复和耐旱、抗旱植物的选育提供科学依据。 |
| 关 键 词： | 喀斯特地区; 干旱胁迫; 生态适应策略; 植物抗旱性 |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.res.2023.02.006 |
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收稿日期: 2023-05-31
接受日期: 2023-07-14
在线出版日期: 2023-07-24
Advances in Ecological Adaptation of Plants to Drought Stress in Karst Regions
Faculty of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| Abstract: | The complex and diverse geological structure and extremely high degree of karst development in karst areas have led to severe soil erosion and fragile ecological environment, and plants are often exposed to severe drought stress. In this paper, we analyse the adaptation mechanisms of plants to the karst drought environment in terms of their morphological characteristics such as roots, stems and leaves, photosynthetic characteristics, metabolism and hormone regulation. It is found that plants in this region often exhibit morphological characteristics such as well-developed roots, fleshy stems and thick leaves under drought stress; in addition, plants in this region can maintain normal plant growth by regulating stomata opening, metabolic pathways and regulating hormone concentrations. Here we propose to improve the drought resistance of plants in karst regions through the selection and breeding of good seeds, optimization of soil environment, chemical and microbial regulation, etc. We discuss the problems in the current research and propose future research prospects to deepen the understanding of the ecological adaptation mechanisms of plants under drought stress in karst regions, with a view to providing scientific basis for the ecological restoration of vegetation and the selection and breeding of drought-tolerant and drought-resistant plants in the region. |
| Keywords: | Karst Areas; Drought Stress; Ecological Adaptation Strategies; Plant Drought Resistance |
基金
| 1. | 国家自然科学基金地区基金项目《广义九里香属的分类修订及系统学研究》(31400181) |
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