思想与社会条件：五四白话文运动的发生
南京师范大学, 社会发展学院, 江苏南京 210097
| 摘 要： | 五四白话文运动被称为五四“最富活力的遗产”，这一官宣“白话”取代“文言”立为社会通用语言的运动，绾结了传统与现代的纠葛所在，向来备受关注。这一语言革故鼎新的文白转型，并不单纯是语言问题，既牢牢地镌刻着社会文化的烙印，又是时代聚变的缩影，为透视20世纪上半叶甚至整个20世纪社会的新旧交替提供了一方窗口。省察白话文运动的发生、发展与影响，有助于揭示白话文运动真实社会影响面相，对全面认识理解“五四”有所裨益。阅读是一种社会现象，透过阅读现象关照“五四”，探讨白话文运动发生的社会历史条件，为我们提供了一条触摸历史与进入五四的路径。白话文运动发端于五四新文化运动时期，其动势承续自晚清时期关于提倡白话文的思想主张与实践。晚清白话文运动不仅为五四白话文运动在白话观念普及、白话文实践应用等方面做了积蓄准备，在受众群体与传播环境营造方面的准备更是尤为可贵。同时，大众传播媒介的兴盛与可观的阅读群体，又构成了白话文生发的社会历史条件，刺激了五四白话文运动的发展成型。五四白话文运动确立了白话文的使用，其影响延续至今并仍在持续，是中国社会从传统向现代转型的重要一环。 |
| 关 键 词： | 五四白话文运动; 晚清白话文运动; 社会历史条件 |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.ssrf.2022.01.003 |
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收稿日期: 2022-09-29
接受日期: 2022-11-08
在线出版日期: 2022-11-23
Thoughts and Social Conditions: The Occurrence of the May Fourth Vernacular Movement
School of Social Development, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China
| Abstract: | The May Fourth Vernacular Movement has been called "the most dynamic legacy" of the May Fourth Movement, which officially declared "vernacular" to replace "literary" as the common language of society. It has always been a matter of great concern. This transformation of the language from the old to the new is not simply a linguistic issue, but is firmly engraved with the brand of society and culture, as well as a microcosm of the changing times, providing a window into the social transition between the old and the new in the first half of the twentieth century, or even the entire twentieth century. An examination of the occurrence, development, and impact of the vernacular literary movement can help reveal the true social impact of the Vernacular Movement and contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the May Fourth. Reading is a social phenomenon, and looking at the May Fourth Movement through the phenomenon of reading and exploring the socio-historical conditions under which the Vernacular Movement took place provides us with a path to touch history and enter the May Fourth Movement. The vernacular movement originated in the May Fourth New Culture Movement, and its momentum continued from the propositions and practices of the late Qing Dynasty. The vernacular movement in the late Qing Dynasty not only laid the foundation for the May Fourth vernacular movement in popularizing vernacular concepts, experimenting with styles, and creating vernacular creations, but also in preparing for the creation of audience groups and communication environments. At the same time, the prosperity of mass media and a considerable number of reading groups constituted the social and historical conditions for the development of vernacular writing and stimulated the development of the May Fourth vernacular movement. This movement established the use of the vernacular language, and its influence continues today and is still ongoing, as an important part of the transition of Chinese society from traditional to modern. |
| Keywords: | The May Fourth Vernacular Movement; The Late Qing Vernacular Movement; Social and Historical Conditions |
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