心理传记学：一种人格的现象学-解释学分析
新疆师范大学, 心理学院, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830017
| 摘 要： | 心理传记学运用现象学和解释学方法处理有关个体生命的记述资料，通过对人物生命历程进行重建和解释，提出和解决心理学问题，是一种人格研究的现象学-解释学分析方法。该方法强调个别和特殊事物的现象学价值，由此凸显了个案研究的意义；强调研究者的意识经验对研究对象的整体本质直观和意义理解，以关照完整人格和人的内在世界。从根本而言，心理传记学属于心理学的人文科学研究方案。作为个案研究，心理传记学致力于提出人格形成原因及机制的理论，通过将一个殊相推广到另一个殊相以获得一般性结论，是主流实证主义研究方案的有效补充。作为一种人文科学的研究模式，心理传记学遵循人文科学研究的规律和标准。除共时性比较和三角互证外，心理传记学的科学性还在于，其是否如实描述了研究对象，是否充分理解了对象的意义，是否能带来广泛的共鸣。 |
| 关 键 词： | 心理传记学; 现象学-解释学分析; 人文科学研究方法 |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.ssrf.2022.02.001 |
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收稿日期: 2022-09-24
接受日期: 2022-10-24
在线出版日期: 2022-12-15
Psychobiography: A Phenomenological-hermeneutic Analysis of Personality
School of Psychology, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830017, China
| Abstract: | Psychobiography uses phenomenological and hermeneutic methods to deal with the narrative data of individual life, and proposes and solves psychological problems by reconstructing and explaining the life course of characters. It is a phenomenological hermeneutic analysis method of personality research. This method emphasizes the phenomenological value of individual and special things, which highlights the significance of case study, it emphasizes that the researcher's consciousness experience has a direct understanding of the whole nature and significance of the research object, so as to take care of the complete personality and people's inner world. Fundamentally speaking, psychobiography belongs to the humanities research program of psychology. As a case study, psychobiography is committed to putting forward the theory of the causes and mechanisms of personality formation. It is an effective supplement to the mainstream positivist research program by extending one specific aspect to another to obtain a general conclusion. As a research model of humanities, psychobiography follows the rules and standards of humanities research. In addition to synchronic comparison and triangle mutual verification, the scientific of psychobiography lies in whether it truly describes the research object, whether it fully understands the meaning of the object, and whether it can bring broad resonance. |
| Keywords: | Psychobiography; Phenomenological-hermeneutic Analysis; Research Methods in Human Sciences |
基金
| 1. | 新疆心智发展与学习科学重点实验室重点项目“学习过程的具身性及其教学应用研究” (XJDX2003-2022-01). |
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