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Abstract: Pulmonary infectious diseases refer to the inflammation of the terminal airway, alveoli and pulmonary interstitial due to the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms. Among them, bacterial infectious diseases in the lungs are the most common. Macrophage autophagy, as an important mechanism for maintaining homeostasis in cells, plays an important role in bacterial infectious diseases in the lungs. For example, in tuberculosis, macrophage autophagy can delay the process and resist infection; while in the process of lung damage caused by sepsis, macrophage autophagy can play a certain degree of protection. However, macrophage autophagy does not all play a beneficial role in diseases. In PVL-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced lung infections, macrophage autophagy plays the opposite role. Although the emergence and development of antibacterial drugs have reduced the mortality rate of bacterial infections in the lungs, in recent years, even with the application of powerful drugs and effective vaccines, the mortality rate has not declined further, or even increased. This paper reviews the role of macrophage autophagy in pulmonary bacterial infection and its research progress, and provides a theoretical basis for further exploring the application of macrophage autophagy in the treatment of pulmonary bacterial infection.Abstract: Pulmonary infectious diseases refer to the inflammation of the terminal airway, alveoli and pulmonary interstitial due to the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms. Among them, bacterial infectious diseases in the lungs are the most common. Macrophage autophagy, as an important mechanism for maintaining homeostasis in cells, plays an important role...Learn More
Abstract: [Objective] By exploring the biological characteristics and artificial scale breeding techniques of Papilio xuthus, establish the artificial scale breeding techniques system of Papilio xuthus, used for theprotection and breeding of Papilio xuthus, and according to its scale breeding techniques to develop the ornamental value and economic value of Papilio xuthus, serve the protection of the ecological environment. [Methods] In the Insect Innovation base of Chongqing Normal University, the biological learning characteristics of Papilio xuthus in various life history stages were recorded and the life history characteristics were summarized, and the large-scale artificial breeding techniques were summarized and improved according to its growth and development. [Results] We have mastered the life history and biological characteristics of Papilio xuthus, successfully bred Papilio xuthus and completed the breeding of their offspring, summarized the large-scale artificial rearing technology of Papilio xuthus, and established a set of artificial rearing technology system of the butterfly. [Conclusion] Under this method of rearing, the butterfly had good growth and development at all stages and could successfully breed to obtain offspring, and the results of this study are conducive to the conservation and exploitation of butterfly resources.Abstract: [Objective] By exploring the biological characteristics and artificial scale breeding techniques of Papilio xuthus, establish the artificial scale breeding techniques system of Papilio xuthus, used for theprotection and breeding of Papilio xuthus, and according to its scale breeding techniques to develop the ornamental value and economic value of ...Learn More
Abstract: Background: The physiological effects of nicotine on the larynx are crucial for understanding its sensory impact. However, the lack of scientifically validated animal models to assess these effects has been a significant limitation in tobacco research. Objective: This study aimed to establish a novel animal model using advanced techniques to evaluate the direct physiological effects of nicotine and its salts on the larynx. Main Ideas: We utilized techniques such as oral buccal tube embedding, laryngeal electrode embedding, and real-time EMG signal recording. Mice were directly exposed to nicotine smoke, and changes in laryngeal EMG signals were dynamically monitored. The observations revealed a consistent increase in the amplitude of these signals with the duration of nicotine exposure, indicating a direct physiological effect of nicotine on the larynx. Furthermore, the effects of different nicotine salts on laryngeal physiology were objectively quantified by changes in the amplitude of electromyographic signals. Conclusion: Our study successfully established an animal model for assessing the physiological effects of direct nicotine exposure on the larynx. This model provides a valuable quantitative method for evaluating throat irritation and the sensory impact of nicotine salts, aiding in the development of safer and more satisfying tobacco products.Abstract: Background: The physiological effects of nicotine on the larynx are crucial for understanding its sensory impact. However, the lack of scientifically validated animal models to assess these effects has been a significant limitation in tobacco research. Objective: This study aimed to establish a novel animal model using advanced techniques to evalua...Learn More
